Posted by:
caedmon
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Date: March 19, 2011 07:40PM
In the same year that Smith began his involvement with polygamy by 'marrying' Fanny Alger, the church published the Book of Commandments (the predecessor of the Doctrine & Covenants) which contained the following statement: “Inasmuch as this church of Christ has been reproached with the crime of fornication, and polygamy: we declare that we believe, that one man should have one wife; and one woman, but one husband, except in case of death, when either is at liberty to marry again.” (Section C1, 251). This statement was affirmed as canonized doctrine in August 1835 in a vote by the church’s General Assembly (Van Wagoner, 8). This statement continued to appear in subsequent publications of the Doctrine & Covenants until well after Smith’s death in 1844.
Smith again denied involvement in the 1838 church publication Elder’s Journal where he answered the specific question “Do the Mormons believe in having more wives than one?” with an insistent “No, not at the same time.” (Van Wagoner, 16).
Rumors of plural wifery persisted, however, and in October 1842 the church publication Times & Seasons printed a statement reaffirming the church’s condemnation of the practice of plural marriage. The statement was signed by many of Nauvoo’s prominent male citizens and was accompanied by a further declaration supported by the leading ladies of the Relief Society (Times & Seasons, October 1842). Notable among the signatories were Eliza Snow and Sarah Cleveland who had already become plural wives of Joseph Smith. Also notable were N.K. Whitney and his wife Elizabeth who added their support for the declarations despite knowing that their daughter, seventeen-year-old Sarah Ann, had married Joseph Smith the previous July (Compton, In Sacred Loneliness 4-6).
In March 1943, the church publication Times and Seasons printed a statement declaring the charge that polygamy was being practiced among the saints as “false and ridiculous”; further stating that no group had a greater respect for the “laws of matrimony” than they. Within one year of that published statement, Smith would go on to marry at least seven additional women (Van Wagoner, 55).
Smith’s final denial came just a few months before his death in 1844 when, speaking to a group of loyal followers, he protested the unjust accusation of having multiple wives when he had only one (History of the Church, 6:411). Despite his emphatic declaration of innocence, Smith had at least thirty-three plural wives at the time of the speech (Compton, In Sacred Loneliness 4-7).
After Smith’s murder, the Church continued to deny that polygamy was a practice among the saints. In 1848, the church publication Millennial Star called for retaliation against those who continued to perpetuate the lie that “such odious practices as spiritual wivery and polygamy” was being practiced in the church.
During a famous 1850 debate with a clergyman in France, LDS Church leader John Taylor declared to be false the accusation “of polygamy and actions the most indelicate, obscene, and disgusting, such that none but a corrupt and depraved heart could have contrived. These things are too outrageous to admit of belief.” At the time of that emphatic pronouncement, Taylor (who would later become church president) had ten plural wives. (Hirschon, 117)
Fanny Stenhouse recorded in her book "Tell It All" many cases of the purposeful deception of potential English converts by LDS leaders regarding the practice of polygamy. Many would make the journey to Zion only then to discover the treachery of LDS leaders.
Church leaders would not openly declare polygamy as official church doctrine until 1852 (Van Wagoner, 5).