Posted by:
torturednevermo
(
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Date: January 28, 2016 01:49PM
A decision is made:
On January 28th, 1986 the fatal decision was made to launch the space shuttle Challenger. That day seven astronauts lost their lives as the shuttle exploded and littered the Atlantic Ocean with its remnants.
What went wrong?
The air temperature on that particular day was 15°F lower than on previous launches. Engineers brought forward concerns questioning the performance of an “O-ring seal” under cold temperatures, but ultimately the decision was made to go forward. Shortly after launch the seal failed and caused hot pressurized gas to leak, causing the shuttle to explode.[1]
Several case studies on the accident concluded that a cognitive bias referred to as“Groupthink” was present in the decision making process which lead to the Challenger explosion.
What is groupthink?
Psychologist Irving Janis coined the term groupthink and defined it as [2]:
"A mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members' strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action". [2]
Janis described precursors and symptoms of Groupthink in decision making [2]. According to a popularly cited case study by Moorhead, Ference, and Neck (1991), 3 precursors and all 8 symptoms were present in the decision-making process that lead to the Challenger explosion. [1]
http://www.powernoodle.com/blog/article/decisive-history-volume-1-challenger-explosion-1986This really is quite a famous case in the study of group psychology.